1. 新组件

1) Fragment(片断)

• 在 Vue2 中: 组件必须有一个根标签
• 在 Vue3 中: 组件可以没有根标签, 内部会将多个标签包含在一个 Fragment 虚拟元素中
• 好处: 减少标签层级, 减小内存占用

<template>
  <h2>aaaa</h2>
  <h2>aaaa</h2>
</template>

2) Teleport(瞬移)

• Teleport 提供了一种干净的方法, 让组件的 html 在父组件界面外的特定标签(很可能是 body)下插入显示

ModalButton.vue

<template>
  <button @click="modalOpen = true">
    Open full screen modal! (With teleport!)
  </button>

  <teleport to="body">
    <div v-if="modalOpen" class="modal">
      <div>
        I'm a teleported modal! (My parent is "body")
        <button @click="modalOpen = false">
          Close
        </button>
      </div>
    </div>
  </teleport>
</template>

<script>
import { ref } from 'vue'
export default {
  name: 'modal-button',
  setup() {
    const modalOpen = ref(false)
    return {
      modalOpen
    }
  }
}
</script>

<style>
.modal {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.modal div {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background-color: white;
  width: 300px;
  height: 300px;
  padding: 5px;
}
</style>

App.vue

<template>
  <h2>App</h2>
  <modal-button></modal-button>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
import ModalButton from './ModalButton.vue'

export default {
  setup() {
    return {}
  },

  components: {
    ModalButton
  }
}
</script>

3) Suspense(不确定的)

• 它们允许我们的应用程序在等待异步组件时渲染一些后备内容，可以让我们创建一个平滑的用户体验

<template>
  <Suspense>
    <template v-slot:default>
      <AsyncComp />
      <!-- <AsyncAddress/> -->
    </template>

    <template v-slot:fallback>
      <h1>LOADING...</h1>
    </template>
  </Suspense>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
/*
异步组件 + Suspense组件
*/
// import AsyncComp from './AsyncComp.vue'
import AsyncAddress from './AsyncAddress.vue'
import { defineAsyncComponent } from 'vue'
const AsyncComp = defineAsyncComponent(() => import('./AsyncComp.vue'))
export default {
  setup() {
    return {}
  },

  components: {
    AsyncComp,
    AsyncAddress
  }
}
</script>

• AsyncComp.vue

<template>
  <h2>AsyncComp22</h2>
  <p>{{ msg }}</p>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
export default {
  name: 'AsyncComp',
  setup() {
    // return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    //   setTimeout(() => {
    //     resolve({
    //       msg: 'abc'
    //     })
    //   }, 2000)
    // })
    return {
      msg: 'abc'
    }
  }
}
</script>

• AsyncAddress.vue

<template>
  <h2>{{ data }}</h2>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
import axios from 'axios'
export default {
  async setup() {
    const result = await axios.get('/data/address.json')
    return {
      data: result.data
    }
  }
}
</script>